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Title: Pathophysiology of HLH in a Patient with COVID-19: A Case Study
Remember to put the Pathophysiology and or Psychopsycology under where it says the Step 2: Nursing Diagnosis/Planning: List all actual and potential diagnoses. Indicate if the problem is of a high, medium, or low priority. I think it’s on page 8. So write the patho right before Page 8
See the attached file where you need to write the Patho.
SEE THE SAMPLE BELOW: Pathophysiology: The patient was presented with a fever and complications of COVID-19. Lab results including elevated ferritin levels, hyperglycemia and bicytopenia is most consistent with HLH. HLH is a rare disease that effects the immune system and can be familial or acquired. Acquired HLH can be caused by underlying issues such as infections and cancers (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2022). The patient started experiencing cognitive decline and seizures requiring intubation. HLH can cause excessive inflammation and tissue damage and can also leave patients at risk for serious infection (Indiana University Health, 2022). Encephalopathy and seizures were the result of excessive inflammation of the brain, which is not very common in HLH patients. HLH is defined as an extreme activation of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells which ultimately lead to hemophagocytosis (the death of blood cells by histiocytes). This is the reason why this patient presents with bicytopenia in two blood lines and elevated ferritin levels, which is the protein that binds to blood and stores iron. In the long run, HLH can affect the liver by taking the deformed blood cells and storing them in the liver resulting in hepatomegaly (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2022). Since coming to the hospital the patient has since shown improvements in cognitive function and his seizures are now under control with medication. After being extubated, he is now learning how to walk again and perform activities of daily living, all while managing HLH. This is an awesome exampfjkle of IN Text Citations
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